Modern Education Thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Modern Education Thought - Essay Example Little (1995), believes that the main aim of â€Å"the autonomy is to equip learners to play an active role in participatory democracy† (p. 176). Benson (2008) agrees with Little when he says, â€Å"because the concept of autonomy in learning draws its meaning from the concept of personal autonomy, it is centrally concerned with the kind of learning that best helps people to lead autonomous lives† (p. 4). Here it confirms that autonomy revolves round individual freedom and human rights to facilitate him/her for making their choices and it is a lifelong process. In the broader sense the learner autonomy enable the person to lead autonomous life. The prominence of autonomy is to create a sense of human dignity. We should be autonomous individuals and autonomy for learning is an essential part of attaining our personal autonomy. An autonomous individual rely on himself/herself while living an independent life which is responsible for his or her own actions rather than blam ing others. To give support to our understanding it is important to know the aims and purpose of education. The main aim of education can be achieved if the person follows the autonomy of learning. According to aim of education envisioned by Piaget, ‘children acquire moral values in the same way they acquire knowledge--by constructing beliefs internally through interaction with the environment.’(Constance, 1982).He pointed out the importance of mutual respect to develop autonomy. The Piaget’s theory postulates as how the cognitive development of an individual focuses on the surroundings and the concepts that are conceived from these factors directly impacts ones learning. It brings in the thought to change... Paul Friere is the famous literacy educationist from Brazil who came up with the principles of critical pedagogy.He referred to the cycle of bringing the issues of the daily life, involving the knowledgeable level of the student and moving to action and then leading to reflection. The students shall know to â€Å"read the world through the word†. The Critical pedagogy is the study of oppression in education based on the issues and questions rose in sexuality, colonialism and how it will shape in nature and the purpose of education. In simple terms critical pedagogy is the way, how teacher asking ‘why’ is simple and the students freely asking the same way as ‘why am I learning this’ has to be executed. â€Å"Revolutionary critical pedagogy operates from an understanding that the basis of education is political and that spaces need to be created where the students can imagine a different world outside of capitalism’s law of value†¦where pat riarchal hierarchies of oppression can be ended†. The idea of autonomy is to understand the responsibility and be judgmental while taking the decision and development of rationality according to the changing situation. Marxism has made a mark on its own all over the world. Marxism was followed by the Brazilian Educator Paulo Freire. In his book of Pedagogy of Oppressed mentioned that â€Å"education makes sense because women and men learn that through learning they can make and remake themselves.

Manufacturing and Production Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Manufacturing and Production Enterprises - Essay Example CIM is the core avenue towards realization of success in U.S manufacturing. It involves integration of all components that are essential in production process and is a unifying factor of basic functional areas of manufacturing firms. It integrates design, production and management ensuring effective and quality production (Markert & Backer, 2009). Obstacles preventing high velocity in production such as complex setups, poor physical flow, excess material handling and interruptions in production process have been resolved by adopting lean manufacturing. Lean manufacturing simultaneously integrates the various aspects of product design, development and production. Just –in-time (JIT) has facilitated reduction of cost, production of high quality products and on-time production through, minimization of idle facilities, equipment’s or workers. Its main emphasis is having the right part, at right time, in the right quantities in manufacturing area (Markert & Backer, 2009). Many organizations have also undergone restructuring to reduce managerial layers and increase profits. This has put more decision making and responsibilities to line managers and the assembly line workers. Companies are adopting supply- chain management, which makes significant changes in the way a particular product is produced. As a result, dependence on external suppliers and outsourcing has increased helping organizations manage inventory and maximize production (Markert & Backer, 2009). Organizations have been struggling with cost especially the cost of material handling. Material requirement planning (MRP) is one technique that helps firm plan future purchase orders and production lots according to the required material to complete a production schedule. Intensive global competetion is a key driver of the ongoing trend of strategic implementation of

The Unvanquished Essay Example for Free

The Unvanquished Essay Two of the women from this novel deserve utmost respect. Granny and Drusilla took matters into their own hands, and are an inspiration to many women who read this novel. Strong women like them were unusual during this time period. Granny and Drusilla are in no way â€Å"picture-perfect southern belles†, yet they took what they had at the time and the experience that was given to them and represented true southern women. Granny was a strong woman of this period; she understood how things worked, and was smart enough to know how to manipulate things to her advantage. â€Å"’Bayard Sartoris, what did you say’? We killed him Granny! ’ †¦Then she said, ‘Quick! Here! ’†¦ and then Ringo and I were squatted with our knees under our chins, on either side of her against her knees†¦her skirts spread over us like a tent†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢You are mistaken,’ she said, ‘There are no children here. ’†) [Faulkner 30-31] This is a shorten version of the quote. The scenario is when Bayard and Ringo shoot at the Yankee soldier on a horse. They hit the horse instead of the man, though they are unaware of this fact. They run home shrieking at Granny to help them, so she has them hide underneath her skirt. The soldier comes in; then the Colonel comes in. The whole situation puts Granny in a bad position, because she’s a good, southern, God fearing woman, and the only way out of this predicament is to lie to the Yankee Colonel who comes in after Bayard and Ringo. Both Granny and the Colonel know there Bayard and Ringo are, but a gentleman doesn’t ask a lady to get up like that without good cause. Granny knew she could play this to her advantage. Granny sits there completely poker-faced and flat out tells him there are no children. The coronel simply jokes about the children and leaves. This is just one example of how Granny took a problem into her own hands and took care of it, with no man needed. She didn’t know who was going to be coming through those doors, it could have been dangerous; however, she handled the situation with grace and elegance, never skipping a beat. Granny showed great responsibility and courage when she had the idea to use the money and slaves to get mules from the Yankees. She turned the original mix-up into a smuggling business: she showed true genius in a time of real need. â€Å"’Ten chests tied with hemp rope,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢a hundred and ten mules’†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Get what we got. Hurry’. He turned to Granny. ‘The general said to give you another hundred with his compliments’† [Faulkner 88-89] Again, another abbreviated lengthy quote. What’s happening here is Granny never got her exact box of silver back, but she was reimbursed for the silver. The Yankee in command gave her a slip with an order for a large amount of mules. When Granny and Ringo go to get them, the soldier they speak to doesn’t understand, and gets the entire transaction mixed up. Granny turned this unexpected occurrence into a blessing and opportunity to turn a profit and give the mules to the townspeople. Most of what originally occurred was a miscommunication; however, Granny and Ringo simultaneously recognized what was happening and took advantage of it. â€Å"The man counted the mules; we didn’t hardly move†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Forty-seven will do,† said Ringo†¦ and then all of a sudden she took her hand away from her chest; it had the paper in it; she held it out to the lieutenant without saying a word. † [Faulkner 91-93] Granny had the courage to risk getting caught, and continued to play the same con numerous times after, forging the note each time. She was a woman; an older woman at that, but she desperately wanted to somehow make a contribution to the war effort and also help out the community as best she could. The war devastated the south, and changed many things. If she could somehow right some of the wrongs that had been done to the people, while at the same time hindering the Yankees, it could be a step toward putting things back the way they were. Because Granny had been around as long as she had, she was a huge believer in tradition. She was stubbornly trying to preserve a community and take care of them, much like a mother takes care of her family. Many people enjoy discussing Drusilla, due to her unusual behavior and intrigue of the character. Drusilla wasn’t the average run-of-the-mill housewife; she had hopes and aspirations; goals and a set agenda. She didn’t wait around for a man to help her; if she wanted something done, she did it herself. â€Å"’This horse? ’ Cousin Denny said. ‘Ain’t no damn Yankee going to fool with Dru’s horse no more. ’ He didn’t holler now, but pretty soon he began again: ‘When they come to burn the house, Dru grabbed the pistol and rum out here-she had on her Sunday dress-and them right behind her. She run in here and she jumped on Bobolink bareback, without even waiting for the bridle, and one of them right there in the doorway hollering, ‘Stop’, and Dru said, ‘get away, or I’ll ride you down too’ †¦and Dru leaned down into Bobolinks ear and said, ‘Kill him, Bob’ [Faulkner 74] Drusilla didn’t stop to think of her own safety, or to wait for a man to step forward and assist; she acted out of courage and loyalty and attacked the men head on, knowing they were men and most likely stronger and better fighters. Drusilla portrays a strong, independent woman, with feministic qualities. Drusilla is a symbol of what is to come; she symbolizes strong women fighting for themselves, equality, and recognition. â€Å"She had on pants like a man† [Faulkner 73] â€Å"Her hair was cut short; it looked like father’s would†¦ She was sunburned and her hands were hard and scratched like a man’s that works would†. [Faulkner 75] It is apparent in other parts of the book that Drusilla didn’t always dress in a masculine fashion; when she was engaged to Gavin Breckbridge, she wore dresses and would have most likely lived out a stereotypical â€Å"southern bell† life, unworthy of remembrance. By this point in the book; however, we find Drusilla to be dressing like a man and attempting to take on more responsibilities and be more useful to the war effort. She commissioned herself to engage in manual labor, causing one sign of being a southern belle (soft smooth hands) to fade. Working hard was also a part of her own unique chivalric code of honor she took on, further distancing herself from her old life. High society women could afford to be shaded from the sun at all times; thus never resulting in sunburn. Poor whites were generally associated with having tan skin, while rich white women had fair porcelain skin-also a showing the segregation between poor people and wealthy people, as well as slaves. In the case of Drusilla being sunburned, it’s another segregating aspect allowing her to create a more equal atmosphere at which to fit into. Her unintentional idea was to appear less feminine; also creating a physical freeness at which she can move around and work more easily. Indirectly she also wanted to draw less attention to herself. She got the opposite effect: her change in appearance caused her to stand out as a new kind of person: a strong woman, purposefully surviving without a man. In this exquisite novel, so many different interpretations can be read from its intricately woven plot. These two women, Granny and Drusilla, went through quite a few trials and tribulations to become the much-respected women they were in the end. (Word count: 1,393)

History of Curriculum and Ethics in Siam: 1935-1970

History of Curriculum and Ethics in Siam: 1935-1970 Chapter IV Primary Curriculum and Ethics Instruction During 1935 1970 (B.E. 2478 2513) In the previous three Chapters we have seen that in Siam[1], throughout the periods with which we are concerned, the kings had absolute power and were treated recognized as the ‘Lord of life’.  They who seemed to bewere ultimate authorities in all aspects of the country’s development, including education.  Even though the education ministry was established in 1894, educational policies were still under controlled ofby the kings through the.  ministers of the education whom he assigned. However, in 1932 a military coup brought the era of absolute monarchy to an abrupt end and replaced it with a constitutional monarchy in which the king was confined to a largely ceremonial role.   Few years after co-operation with the new administrative power under the institutional system, king Rama VII felt uneasy to compromise his different political opinion with the political leaders that brought to his abdication in 1935.  Therefore the constitutional government had absolute power over the country.  The ‘modernization period’ of educational reform thus initiated in 1935 and which continued till 1970, was a period of transformation, as the political revolution triggered changes in every aspect of Thai society. The administrative power was transferred from king to Prime minister and his cabinets. Though the minister of education was remained the same in the beginning of this period, but one out of six pillar policies of the cabinet was to provide equal education to all, hence wWe would expect that ethics instruction could hardly have escaped these political is socialand social upheaval untouched. The question is therefore just how far and in what ways ethics instruction was transformed during the modernization period. 1. The Modernization Period 1935 – 1970 (B.E.2478-2513)   In 1935, after the abdication of King Rama VII, King Rama VIII was offered the crown.  A young man on his ascent to the throne, he reigned for 11 years, most of which he spent outside the kingdom, for his education and especially during the period of World War II.  He died in mysterious circumstances in 1946.  Besides, he was under the constitution monarchy system; his impact on Thai education was thus invisible. His brother, Rama IX, followed him on the thrown and has held it to the present day – the longest reigning monarch in the world.  However, since we are concerned with educational issue in primary curriculum and the ethics instruction in this period, the discussion will end at the year of 1970 which is in the first 25 years of Rama IX’s reign.  In this modernization period, primary curriculum was developed based on western idea and theory.  There was a Royal Announcement and four primary curricula used in this period, which are the following: Royal Announcement 1936  (B.E. 2479) Primary Curriculum  1937 ( Laksutr Prathomsuksa : B.E.2480) Primary Curriculum 1948 ( Laksutr Prathomsuksa: B.E.2491) Primary Curriculum  1955 ( Laksutr Prathomsuksa : B.E.2498) Primary Curriculum 1960 ( Laksutr Prathomsuksa Tonton and Tonplai : B.E.2503) Ginsburg says that to examine the educational reformation efforts in any country, the global structural and ideological context must be investigated on how they constrain it is necessary to investigate how the global structural and ideological contexts constrain and enableand enable individual and group actors’ transactions concerning education.[2] From such a perspective the situation of Thailand is peculiar. As mentioned earlier that in this period, the absolute monarchy system was replaced by the constitutional monarchy system. Consequently, the central administrative system and politics were changed into democratic system based on the western view. However, although though the constitution was the supreme law of the Kingdom of Thailand, the country has had 18 charters and constitutions[3] since the coup backed the change from the absolute to constitutional monarchy in 1932, and this reflects the high degree of political instability and frequency of military coups faced by the nation. After each successful coup, the military regimes abrogated existing constitutions and promulgated interim ones. Somehow, this circumstance affected the national socio-economics, religion, and education.  The question is how far and in what ways ethics instruction in primary curriculum was affected by all such a fluid political situation. 1.1. Politics and Administration  1935 1970 (B.E.2478 2513) After the 1932 revolution by People’s Party, King Rama VII or King Prajadhipok was forced to grant the first constitution on 10 December 1932 by the three main coup leaders with, [4] who were educated who were scholarship students and educated in France and Germany where the national revolution and social crisis was floated over in nineteenth century. after French Revolution and social crisis. These reformers or coup leaders, who were known as the promoters, were representatives of the younger generation of western-oriented political elite that were educated to be helpersbe instruments of an absolute monarchy that they viewed as archaic and inadequate to the task of modern government. The principals in the coup identified themselves as nationalists. All of them became prime ministers and the major figures in Thai politics for the next three decades. Pridi Phanomyong[5],, one of the countrys leading intellectuals, was the most influential civilian promoter, who became a prime minister in 1946/B.E.2489. His chief rival among the other promoters was Pibul, or Luang Plaek Pibulsongkram[6], an ambitious junior army officer who later attained the rank of field marshal and was the prime minister during 1938/1944 and 1948-1957/B.E.2481-2487;2491-2500. Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena[7], the senior member of the group, who was sent by royal schorlarship to study in Germany and Denmark from 1903 till 1912, he became the prime minister in 1933-1938/B.E.2476-2481 represented old-line military officers dissatisfied with cuts in appropriations for the armed forces. After the triumph of the coup, these three exercised power as members of a cabinet, the Commissariat of the People, chosen by the National Assembly that had been summoned by them. To compromise both modern and conservative opinion, a retired jurist, Phraya Manopakorn Nithitada[8], was chosen as the president of the first committees assembly, and the first prime minister after the political change during 1932-1933/B.E.2475-2476. Since the country has been ruled by prime minister and his cabinet under constitutional system, king has no absolute power as before.   However, in this period, there were some remarkable circumstances related to kings’ life that more or less provided some political stresses such as king Rama VII’s abdication and the mystery death of king Rama VIII. Interestingly to learn how kings’ position and mission could be, and how the government under democratic system took place in the period of significant political change. 1.1.1.  King Rama VII’s Abdication Due to the coupSince 1932, king Prajadhipok or king Rama VII, to avoid violence, surrendered his absolute power to the coup leaders, then the country has been governed under democratic system where the king has no power under the constitution but he remains as the symbol of national identity and unity. Since then king Rama VII had co-operated his mission with the new governors till 1934 he went abroad for a medical treatment. Whereas he was abroad he proposed to the government some conditions in serving as constitutional monarch. However, the government would not agree with his opinion, and so on March 2nd, 1935 he announced his resignation and issued a brief statement criticizing the administration. In it he wrote, â€Å"I wish to surrender my formerly absolute powers to all people, not to turn them over to anyone or any group to use in an autocratic manner without concerning the people’s voice.†[9] In his letter, he blamed the government of having no hold for democratic principles, employing methods of administration incompatible with individual freedom and the principles of justice, ruling in an autocratic manner and not letting the people have a real voice in country’s affairs. Anyhow, the resignation from the throne of king Rama VII gave a good chance to the constitutional government to select the next king on their choice. Instead of choosing Prince Chulachakrapongse,[10] who was on the first ranking of royal family to success to the throne, the parliament, by the convince of Pridi, selected Prince Ananda Mahidol, the youngest son of HRH Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and Mom Sri-Sangwal (later Somdej Phra Sri Nakarindhara Boromaratchachonnani), who was only 9 years old and studying in Switzerland to be the next king. His young age and absence from the country were the causes of the selection that would grant to the government an absolute freedom in ruling the country without king’s power or interference. Accordingly, Prince Ananda Mahidol was in the throne as king Rama VIII in 1935.   1.1.2.  King Rama VIII and Assassination (1935-1946) After king Rama VII’s Abdication, prince Ananda Mahidol was elected by the government to succeed king Rama VII, his uncle on March 2, 1935 as king Rama VIII.  However, with his 9 years old, he continued his studying and staying with his family in Lausanne, Switzerland.  He visited Thailand at the first time in 1939 when he was 13 years old. As seen in the news, television, including the story of See Phandin (Four Reigns), many people were excited to see their young king who had grown up in European country after Siam had been without a resident king for many years. Having heard about his news and seeing his good looking, the people admired king Rama VIII greatly, therefore after his first visit the country and departing to study again, thousands of people went to see him off at the airport, wished him and looked forward for his return. Seven years later (1946), at the age of 20, King Ananda Mahidol was back to Thailand together with the Princess Mother, Sri-sangval, and his younger brother, Prince Bhumibol[11]. By this time, he visited some communities  His visits in Bangkok and the surrounding areas were heartily welcomed whereas his informal and warm contact were impressed by the people in those areas. One important place of his visits was Sampheng[12], a district in Bangkok that King Rama I gave to the Chinese community after the establishment of Bangkok as the capital of the country in 1782. Before Chinese people were living in the place where  King Rama I would construct the royal residence (Grand Palace at present) on, therefore, Chinese residents were asked to move and settle down in Sampheng.  Since then, there had been clashes between the local people who had lived at Sampheng before and the Chinese people who moved into that area. Thus the visit of King Rama VIII and prince Bhumibol, his brother, not only be appreciated  but also released the tension conflict and reconciled among the local Thais and Chinese communities.  This might be the last memorial mission of king Rama VIII. On June 9th, 1946, unexpectedly a few days before his return to Switzerland to achieve his education, he was mysteriously assassinated with a gun shot in his room at Boromphimarn Palace.[13]  Certainly, the news of the King’ death in such circumstance shocked the people and made them cried. The entire country dressed in black and miserable prevailed in every corner of the nation. The first official announcement was mentioned that king Rama VIII shot himself accidently, later due to some investigations, his close servers were killed for this guilt. likewise, Pridi, who was elected by the parliament to be the prime minister one day before the king’s death, was accused to get involved.  Nevertheless, the cause of his unexpected death has remained in doubt and been officially unexplained up to now. The reign of king Rama VIII was 11 years and under the new democratic system and since he was very young and spent most of the time in studying aboard that required a Council of Regency, so as a powerless king, he didn’t conduct many tasks in his kingship. Nevertheless he still earned love, respect and be memorized by people for his gentleness, sincerity, and intellectual. After his death, his brother Prince Bhumipol Aduldej was invited to succeed as King Rama IX. 1.1.3.  King Rama IX (1946-present) Prince Bhumibol Adulyadej[14] was born in 1927, in the United States.  He first came to Thailand in 1928 and finished his primary education at Mater Dei school, a catholic school in Bangkok.  In 1933, after the political change in Thailand, he left with his family for Switzerland. After his brother, king Rama VIII’s death, he ascended the throne on June 9, 1946 as king Bhumibol or Rama IX.  However, he returned to study in Switzerland till 1950 and went back to Thailand for the Coronation Ceremony on May 5, 1950.   On that day he announced that â€Å"I will reign the country with Dharma for the benefit and happiness of the people†[15]. His word reflected on his private missions in developing people’s welfare especially for poor people. As a king of democratic system, he is under the constitution and no administrative power, his signature of approval for political affair is required as only official tradition. Since he came to the throne after tragic difficulties such as absolute monarchy’s failure, king Rama VII’s abdication, and lately his king brother’s assassination, moreover, he was invited from the constitutional government to be in the reign, therefore, he or less has been aware of his missions in king’s position.  He spent most of the time in visiting ruler people that made him found more than thousand agricultural and natural protection projects to help the poor.   Though he is under constitution and has less power than the absolute monarchy, according to his vision or guidance, many projects are initiated by cooperating with local people, government agencies, and NGOs.  As a result, he gains enormous popular respect and moral authority in his long reign, more than 60 years.  In addition, he was from time to time drawn to get involved with some political crises or national conflicts. It can be said that, to some extent, the king Rama IX indirectly helped and influenced political issues that considerably of his national concern by his moral power. Due to the political change in 1932 with the constitutional system in 1935, the monarchy’s power in administration was transferred to prime minister and his cabinet. It is interesting to take a look at the democratic government that would be the key of development and reformation of the country in all aspects including educational reform. 1.1.4.  Government and Administrative Structure As this period of modernization under the constitutional monarchy system, all official works of the country were conducted by the prime minister and his cabinet. Even though the country was seemingly a â€Å"democracy† from then, in fact the government was dominated by the military dictatorship in an authoritarian manner. Civilian leaders were often deposed by military coups. In this period of 35 years the country had three prime ministers who were Field Marshalls who got power from the coups. They were  Field Marshall Plaek Phibunsongkhram (Prime Minister, 1938-1944; 1949-1957), Field Marshall Sarit Dhanarajata (Prime Minister, 1959-1963), and Field Marshall Thanom Kittikachorn (Prime Minister, 1958, 1963-1973).[16]  There were six civilian prime ministers leading the country approximately 4 years out of 35 years of this modernization period, all the rest of the years was under Military leaders.[17] In summary, prime minister position was changed 15 times in 35 years and the political scenario in Thailand was always volatile. Many coups d’etate took place and a number of constitutions were created. Military leaders and dictators had always influenced Thai politics. The governmental structure of Thailand has undergone gradual and practical evolution in response to the various changes. Even so, the basic concepts of constitutional government and monarchy laid down in the 1932 constitution remain more or less the same. We could list them in the following way. In the first figure[18] (Figure 1) the structure of the parliamentary system is given as an example. And later on we also point out the other details of the administrative system.   The first and foremost concept of the charters and constitutions is the status of the monarch as Head of State, Head of Armed Forces, and Upholder of the Buddhist Religion and all other religions. The King, as Head of State, exercises his legislative power through the parliament, executive power through the Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister, and judicial power through the courts.  He is empowered with the right to be consulted and to advise and even warn the government when it appears not to administer the state affairs for the good of the people.  So the main points of the constitution are that the highest administrative power belongs to the people not the King and that the power is to be exercised through the peoples representatives. The second concept is about legislative branch, which is a bicameral parliamentary system composing of the House of Representatives (MPs), and the House of Senators. The third concept is the executive branch. As per every constitution, the Prime Minister is head of government and chief executive. The Cabinet is responsible for the administration of 14 ministries, as well as the Office of the Prime Minister. A number of cabinet committees have been set up consisting of relevant ministers, such as the Cabinet Economics Committee and the Cabinet Social Affairs Committee etc. to coordinate major policies concerned. Besides the ministers who were responsible for each ministry, there were a number of ministers holding the portfolio of â€Å"Minister Attached to the Prime Ministers Office.† They were in charge of various responsibilities undertaken by this office which in itself ranks as a ministry and largely deal with formulating the national policy.[19] According to the  framework of a constitutional monarchy,  the Prime Minister is the head of government and a hereditary monarch is head of state. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.  The country is divided into 75 provinces, excluding Bangkok Metropolis which is the capital of the country.  Each province, which is administered by an appointed governor, is sub-divided into districts, sub-districts or tambons (groups of villages) and villages.  The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) is administered by an elected governor and is divided into 50 districts. Once the first democratic form of government was founded and the constitution was put into effect, conflict began to erupt among the members of the initial ruling coalition. There were four major factions competing for power: the older conservative civilian faction led by Phraya Manopakorn Nititada[20]; the senior military faction led by Phraya Phahol[21]; the junior army and navy faction led by Luang Plaek Phibunsongkhram and the young civilian faction led by Pridi Phanomyong.[22]  In spite of such power struggles, there were some remarkable political events occurred in this period. 1.1.5.  Political events The pursuit of nationalism. The military, led by Major General Plaek Pibulsongkram[23] as Defence Minister, and the civilian liberals led by Pridi as Foreign Minister, worked together harmoniously for several years in the beginning of Constitutional system. But when Pibulsongkramn became the third prime minister in December 1938 this co-operation broke down, and military domination became more overt.   Pibulsongkram was an admirer of Benito Mussolini, and his regime soon developed some fascist characteristics. In early 1939 forty political opponents, both monarchists and democrats, were arrested, and after rigged trials eighteen were executed, which was the first political executions in Siam in over a century. Many others, among them Prince Damrong and Phraya Songsuradej, were exiled. Pibulsongkramn launched a demagogic campaign against the Chinese business class. Chinese schools and newspapers were closed, and taxes on Chinese businesses increased. Siam to Thailand. Also in 1939, Pibulsongkramn changed the countrys name from Siam to Prathet Thai, or Thailand, meaning land of the free. Modernization was also an important theme in Pibulsongkramns new Thai nationalism. From 1938 to 1942 he issued a set of twelve Cultural Mandates. In addition to requiring that all Thais salute the flag, know the National Anthem, and speak the national language, the mandates also encouraged Thais to work hard, stay informed on current events, and to dress in a western fashion. By 1941 it became illegal to ridicule those who attempted to promote national customs. The program also encompassed fine arts. Fiercely nationalistic plays and films were sponsored by the government. Often these depicted a glorious past when Thai warriors fearlessly gained freedom for the country, defended their honor, or sacrifice themselves. Patriotism was taught in schools and was a recurrent theme in songs and dances. At the same time, Pibulsongkram worked rigorously to rid society of its royalist influences traditional royal holidays were replaced with new national events, royal and aristocratic titles were abandoned. Ironically, he retained his aristocratic surname. Even the Sangha was affected when the status of the royally sponsored Thammayuth sect was downgraded.   World War II and Thai politics. In 1940, most of France was occupied by Nazi Germany, and Pibulsongkram immediately set out to avenge Siams humiliations by France in 1893 and 1904, when the French had redrawn the borders of Siam with Laos and Cambodia by forcing a series of treaties.  Anti-French demonstrations were incessantly held around Bangkok, and in late 1940 border skirmishes erupted along the Maekong frontier. On January 9 1941, Thailand attacked southern Vietnam, giving Tokyo a reason to move on Sà  i Gà ²n (Hà ¡Ã‚ »Ã¢â‚¬Å" Chà ­ Minh City).  In 1941, the skirmishes became a small scale war between Vichy France and Thailand. The Thai forces dominated the war on the ground and in the air, but suffered a crushing naval defeat at the battle of Chang Island (Koh Chang). The Japanese then stepped in to mediate the conflict. The final settlement thus gave back to Thailand the disputed areas in Laos and Cambodia. Pibulsongkrams prestige was so increased that he was able to bask in a feeling of being truly the nations leader. As if to celebrate the occasion, he promoted himself to field marshal, skipping the ranks of lieutenant general and general.  This caused a rapid deterioration of relations with the United States and Britain.  In April 1941 the United States cut off petroleum supplies to Thailand. Thailands campaign for territorial expansion came to an end on December 8, 1941 when Japan invaded the country along its southern coastline and from Cambodia. After initially resisting, the Pibulsongkram regime allowed the Japanese to pass through the country in order to attack Burma and invade Malaya. Convinced by the Allied defeats of early 1942 that Japan was winning the war, Pibulsongkram decided to form an actual military alliance with the Japanese. As a reward, Japan allowed Thailand to invade and annex the Shan States in northern Burma, and to resume sovereignty over the sultanates of northern Malaya which had previously been lost in a treaty with Britain.  In January 1942 Pibulsongkram declared war on Britain and the United States, but the Thai Ambassador in Washington, Seni Pramoj, refused to deliver it to the State Department. Instead, Seni denounced the Pibulsongkram regime as illegal and formed a Seri Thai Movement in Washington.  Pridi, by then serving in the role of an apparently powerless regent, led the resistance movement inside Thailand, while former Queen Ramphaiphanni[24] was the nominal head of the movement in Great Britain. Secret training camps were set up, the majority by the populist politician Tiang Sirikhanth in the northeast region of the country. There were a dozen camps in Sakhon Nakhon Province alone. Secret airfields also appeared in the northeast, where Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Force planes brought in supplies, as well as Special Operations Executive, Office of Strategic Services, and Seri Thai agents, while at the same time evacuating out prisoners of war. By early 1945, Thai air force officers were performing liaison duties with South East Asia Command in Kandy and Calcutta[25]. By 1944 it was evident that the Japanese were going to lose the war, and their behaviour in Thailand had become increasingly arrogant. Bangkok also suffered heavily from the Allied bombing raids. This, along with the economic hardship caused by the loss of Thailands rice export markets, made both the war and Pibulsongkrams regime very unpopular. In July 1944 Pibulsongkram was ousted by the Seri Thai-infiltrated government. The National Assembly reconvened and appointed the liberal lawyer Khuang Aphaiwong as Prime Minister. The new government hastily evacuated the British territories that Pibulsongkram had occupied and surreptitiously aided the Seri Thai movement, while at the same time maintaining ostensibly friendly relations with the Japanese. The Japanese surrendered on August 15, 1945. Immediately, the Allied military responsibility for Thailand fell to the British. As soon as practicable, British troops were flown in and these rapidly secured the release of surviving POWs (Prisoners of War). The British were surprised to find that the disarmament of the Japanese soldiers had already been largely completed by the Thais.  The British regarded Thailand as having been partly responsible for the immeasurable damage dealt upon the Allied cause and favored treating the kingdom as a defeated enemy. However, the Americans had no sympathy for what they considered to be British and French colonialism and supported the new government. Thailand thus received little punishment for its wartime role under Pibulsongkram. Post World War II.  Seni Pramoj became Prime Minister in 1945, and promptly restored the name Siam as a symbol of the end of Pibulsongkram s nationalist regime.  However, he found his position at the head of a cabinet packed with Pridi’s loyalists quite uncomfortable. Northeastern populist politicians like Tiang Sirikhanth and Bangkok upstarts like Sanguan Tularaksa were not the sort that the aristocratic Seni preferred to associate with. They, in turn, viewed Seni as an elitist who was entirely out of touch with Thailand’s political realities. Pridi continued to wield power behind the scenes as he had done during the Khuang government. The regent’s looming presence and overarching authority rank led the proud, thin-skinned Seni, fueling a personal animosity that would poison Thailand’s postwar politics. King Rama VIII’s mysterious death.  In December 1945, the young king Rama VIII returned to Siam from Europe, and on 9th July 1946 he was found mysteriously shot dead in the palace. Three palace servants were tried and executed for his murder, but Thai society has preferred not to dwell on the event rather than to investigate its causes.   Democratic elections were subsequently held in January 1946. These were the first elections in which political parties were legal, and Pridis Peoples Party and its allies won a majority. In March 1946 Pridi became Siams first democratically elected Prime Minister. In 1947 he agreed to hand back the French territory occupied in 1940 as the price for admission to the United Nations, the dropping of all wartime claims against Siam and a substantial package of American aid.   The king was succeeded by his younger brother Bhumibol Adulyadej. In August Pridi was forced to resign amid suspicion that he had been involved in the regicide. Without his leadership, the civilian government floundered, and in November 1947 the army, its confidence restored after the debacle of 1945, seized power. After an interim Khuang-headed government, in April 1948 the army brought Pibulsongkram back from exile and made him Prime Minister. Pridi in turn was driven into exile, eventually settling in Beijing as a guest of the Peoples Republic of China. Cold War.  Pibulsongkrams return to power coincided with the onset of the Cold War and the establishment of a Communist regime in North Vietnam. He soon won the support of the U.S., beginning a long tradition of US-backed military regime in Thailand (as the country was again renamed in July 1949, this time permanently). Once again political opponents were arrested and tried, and some were executed. During this time, several of the key figures in the wartime Free Thai (Seri Thai)  underground – including Thawin Udom, Thawi Thawethikul, Chan Bunnak, and Tiang Sirikhanth – were eliminated in extra-legal fashion by the Thai police, run by Pibulsongkram’s ruthless associate Phao Sriyanond. There were attempted counter-coups by Pridi supporters in 1948, 1949 and 1951, the second leading to heavy fighting between the army and navy before Pibulsongkram emerged victorious. In the navys 1951 attempt, popularly known as the Manhattan Coup, Pibulsongkram was nearly kille d when the ship he was held hostage aboard was bombed by the pro-government air force. In 1949 a new constitution was promulgated, creating a Senate appointed by the king (in practice, by the government). But in 1951 the regime abolished its own constitution and reverted to the constitution 1932 arrangements, effectively abolishing the National Assembly as an elected body. This provoked strong opposition from the universities and the press, and led to a further round of trials and repression. The regime was greatly helped, however, by a postwar boom which gathered pace through the 1950s, fuelled by rice exports and U.S. aid. Thailands economy began to diversify, while the population increased and urbanization expanded. New Thai leaders.  By 1955 Pibulsongkram was losing his leading position in the army to younger rivals led by Field Marshal Sarit Thanarat and General Thanom Kittikachorn. To shore up his position he restored the 1949 constitution and called for elections, which his supporters won. But the army was not prepared to give up its power. As a result, in September 1957 it demanded Pibulsongkrams resignation. When Pibulsongkram tried to have Sarit arrested, the army staged a bloodless coup on September 17, 1957, ending Pibulsongkrams career for good. Thanom became Prime Minister until 1958, then yielded his place to Sarit, the real head of the regime. Sarit held power until his death in 1963, when Thanom again took the lead. Sarit and Thanom were the first Thai leaders to have been educated entirely in Thailand, and were less influenced by European political ideas, whether fascist or democratic, than the generation of Pridi and Pibulsongkram. Rather, they were Thai traditionalists, who sought to restore the prestige of the monarchy and to maintain a society based on order, hierarchy and religion. They saw rule by the army as the best means of ensuring this, and also of defeating Communism, which they associated with Thailands traditional enemies, the Vietnamese.  King Bhumibol returned to Thailand in 1951, and his present elevated status thus has its origins in this era. The regimes of Sarit and Thanom were strongly supported by the U.S. Thailand formally became a U.S. ally in 1954 with the formation of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). While the war in Indochina was being fought between the Vietnamese and the French, Thailand (disliking both equally) stayed aloof, but once it became a war between the U.S. and the Vietnamese Communists, Thailand committed itself strongly to the U.S. side. Concl

A Comparison of The Yellow Wallpaper and Daisy Miller -- comparison co

Society continually places specific and often restrictive standards on the female gender.   While modern women have overcome many unfair prejudices, late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century women were forced to deal with a less than understanding culture.   Different people had various ways of voicing their opinions concerning gender inequalities, including expressing themselves through literature.   By writing a fictional story, authors like Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Henry James were given the opportunity to let readers understand and develop their own ideas on such a serious topic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story The Yellow Wallpaper, the main character is a symbol for all repressed women of her time.   Throughout the entire story, her name is never mentioned, alluding to the fact that the women of her era simply lacked their own personal identity.   Her husband treated her as a frail and incapable being.   He laughed at her fears, and disregarded her concerns as frivolous worries.   She recognized this as nothing beyond the normality, and accepts it because that is what her society deems standard.   When commenting that there must be something queer about a house so large and beautiful, yet rented to them at such a reasonable price, she continued â€Å"John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in a marriage† (1).   John continually tells her that her illness is psychological, and encourages her to try and get more fresh air, for her own efforts will be the best for a quicker recovery.   However, on the one occasion she asks him for permission to visit her Cousin Henry and Julia, he denies her so, leaving her in tears and telling her she could not handle such a trip.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ... ... the liberation of women everywhere.   One can easily recognize, however, that times were not always so generous as now, and different women found their own ways of dealing with their individual situations.   Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s character created a twisted image of the world in her mind, and eventually became mentally insane.   While most cases were not so extreme, this character was imperative in creating a realization of such a serious situation.   James’ character did what most rebellious young American women would do.   She broke free from cultural restrictions and lived her life as she pleased.   A woman of passion, she chose to ignore the repressive attitudes of those around her.   Women of today are still fighting for equality, but have authors of the past and women like the characters in their stories to thank for the improvements they made.

Medienrecht in Deutschland :: essays research papers fc

1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Einleitung Die folgende Hausarbeit befasst sich mit dem Urheberrechtsgesetz bzw. mit den darin enthaltenen Leistungsschutzrechten, in der Literatur auch Nachbarrechte oder verwandte Schutzrechte genannt. Die Rechte der Urheber und damit auch die Rechte der Leistungsschutzberechtigten wurden in den letzten Jahren, aktuell durch die Urheberrechtsnovelle von 2003 sukzessive ausgeweitet. Damit wurde der Durchsetzung moderner Kommunikationsmittel in allen Lebensbereichen und dem gewachsenen Gewicht der Kulturwirtschaft Rechnung getragen. Mit den Leistungsschutzrechten wird nicht der Werkschà ¶pfer geschà ¼tzt, sondern solch eine Leistung, die in einem mehr oder weniger engen Zusammenhang mit der Werkschà ¶pfung steht. Im ersten Teil meiner Arbeit werde ich die Rechte und die Leistungsschutzberechtigten charakterisieren, um dann jeweils auf die einzelnen geschà ¼tzten Gruppen und ihre Rechte einzugehen. Im weiteren Verlauf werde ich auf die Ansprà ¼che der Berechtigten eingehen, um abschließend den Blick auf die Zukunft des Urheberrechts und den damit verbundenen Leistungsschutzrechten zu richten. 2. Entstehung des Urheberrechts und der Leistungsschutzrechte Das Urheberrechtsgesetz hat sich aus dem Gesetz betreffend das Urheberrecht an Werken der Literatur und der Tonkunst (LUG) von 1901 und dem Gesetz betreffend das Urheberrecht an Werken der bildenden Kunst und Photographie (KUG) von 1907 entwickelt. Die erste Fassung des Urheberrechtsgesetzes (UrhG), wie wir es heute kennen, trat am 9.9.1966 in Kraft. In den folgenden Jahren war die Entwicklung des Urheberrechtssystems eine sehr dynamische, was sich in mehr als 20 konsolidierten Fassungen bis zum heutigen Tag niedergeschlagen hat. Die letzte große Änderung des UrhG war die Urheberrechtnovelle von 2003. Die Leistungsschutzrechte haben sich im Laufe der Entwicklung des Urheberrechts herausgebildet, und dies besonders seit der Konferenz von Rom zur Revision der Berner ÃÅ"bereinkunft, die 1928 stattfand. Es wurden immer mehr auch Leistungen als schutzbedà ¼rftig angesehen, die zwar keine Werkschà ¶pfung im Sinne des Urheberrechts darstellten, aber dennoch einer schà ¶pferischen Tà ¤tigkeit entsprangen. Besonderen Auftrieb fà ¼r die Gesetzgebungsarbeit an Leistungsschutzrechten gab das Internationale Abkommen à ¼ber den Schutz der ausà ¼benden Kà ¼nstler, der Hersteller von Tontrà ¤gern und der Sendeunternehmen, das sogenannte Rom-Abkommen vom 26.10.1961. Hierbei muss beachtet werden, dass es kein Leistungsschutzrecht im Sinne eines umfassenden oder einheitlichen Rechts gibt, vielmehr handelt es sich um die Summe einzelner, getrennt abtretbarer Befugnisse. 3. Charakterisierung der Rechte und der Leistungsschutzberechtigten Die Auswahl der Leistungsschutzberechtigten scheint mehr oder weniger willkà ¼rlich. Nur die  §Ã‚ § 71, 73, 81 UrhG sehen vor, dass ein urheberrechtlich schutzfà ¤higes Werk verwertet wird. Die à ¼brigen Leistungsschutzrechte haben zwar hà ¤ufig, jedoch nicht unbedingt die Verwertung einer Werkschà ¶pfung zum Gegenstand. Auch die durch die  §Ã‚ § 70 ff. geschà ¼tzten Leistungen unterschieden sich: Werden durch die  §Ã‚ § 73 ff.

Everything is not Always as it Seems :: essays papers

Everything is not Always as it Seems In the novel, Bel-Ami, Guy de Maupassant uses symbolism quite frequently. Many of the smallest details are completely enthralled with symbolism. Maupassant uses people, inanimate objects, and situations to portray some aspects of his life or simply of French society in general. On the surface, Bel-Ami is a great book, but deeper into the pages lies a whole different world. Webster’s New World Dictionary defines symbolism as the representation of things by use of symbols, especially in art or literature. This definition strikes me as a very vague description. Symbolism to me is a sort of art form. It is not a very difficult task to tell someone information in a straight forward manner, but it takes a lot of imagination and cleverness to utilize the art of symbolism. That is why I enjoyed Bel-Ami. Maupassant really has a great understanding of his views and how he wants to portray them. Take the fish on page 260, for an example (Maupassant 260). The fish represented society. When the wad of bread was thrown into them, the fish would do just about anything to get a piece of it. They fought amongst each other and then they moved away from DuRoy and Suzanne to the other end of the pond, much like Suzanne’s parents and society. This example was just to show the constant and effortless use of symbolism throughout the novel. The mirror is used quite often in Bel-Ami. It appears to us first on page 17 (Maupassant 17). DuRoy, in his ascend up the stairs at the Forestiers’, notices a strikingly handsome gentleman staring back at him. He is taken aback when he realizes the man is himself. DuRoy continues to stand in front of the mirror and admire himself for quite sometime before actually entering the Forestiers’ home. It is here in front of this shiny, beautiful, glimmering object, that we truly see ourselves. DuRoy tries out just about every gesture he might use at the party, just to see the effect of his appearance. According to the symbolism dictionary (http://www.umich.edu/~umfandsf/symbolismproject/symbolism.html/M/mirror.html), the mirror is the absolute truth and a reflection of ones soul. It does not lie to anyone. The mirror is also considered a distraction when looked upon for glamour reasons. People don’t have to deal with real life issues or problems in the mirror. Y ou can just simply admire yourself to take away all other thoughts that might be troubling at the time.

More College Classes Should Be Taught Online

Having taking online classes before in high school, I feel like there should be more classes available for the college level as well. Making more classes available for students in college will open more opportunities for students that may be working or that may even have children. I know that if there were more online classes available that I would take them because I work and it is hard to find class times that work into my schedule.I noticed before in my online classes I did earned better grades because I learn better by reading things myself rather than listening to a teacher lecture me. If I have everything I need to know right in front of me I could go back to whatever I need rather than having a teacher repeat everything I didn’t get. I also find it convenient because you can’t get as far behind for things like inclimate weather. Doubt Also with taking an online class, I found many struggles and negatives to the program.One thing that I didn’t like was when all the assignments were due at the same time at the end of the week. This made things very hard no only to get done but after working when I was time to do online class work, I had no enthusiasm to do it. So when It came to the end of the week when assignments were due and tests were to be taken I found myself cramming everything. Another disadvantage to online classes was the fact that I had no one on one time with the teacher if needed unless it was over email.There was also no group work which made it hard to see others perspectives and feedback on papers and assignments. That’s where I found myself struggling; having only mainly my parents to revise my assignments. The last thing I found frustrating was if blackboard, or any other online classroom website, was down there was not much one could do to get their assignment turned in. Those are my beliefs and doubts about college online classes.

Linguistics and Poetry

1 PREFACE TO SIDNEY’S ASTROPHEL AND STELLA Somewhat To Read For Them That List Tempus adest plausus, aurea pompa venit, so ends the scene of idiots, and enter Astrophel in pomp.Gentlemen, that have seen a thousand lines of folly drawn forth ex uno puncto impudentiae, & two famous mountains to go to the conception of one mouse, that have had your ears deafened with the echo of Fame’s brazen towers, when only they have been touched with a leaden pen, that have seen Pan sitting in his bower of delights, & a number of Midases to admire his miserable hornpipes, let not your surfeited sight, new come from such puppet play, think scorn to turn aside into this theatre of pleasure, for here you shall find a paper stage strewed with pearl, an artificial heaven to overshadow the fair frame, & crystal walls to encounter your curious eyes, whiles the tragi-comedy of love is performed by starlight. The chief actor here is Melpomene, whose dusky robes, dipped in the ink of tears, as y et seem to drop when I view them near. The argument, cruel chastity; the prologue, hope; the epilogue, despair; Videte, queso, et linguis animisque fauete.And here, peradventure, my witless youth may be taxed with a margent note of presumption for offering to put up any motion of applause in the behalf of so excellent a poet (the least syllable of whose name, sounded in the ears of judgement, is able to give the meanest line he writes a dowry of immortality), yet those that observe how jewels oftentimes come to their hands that know not their value, & that the coxcombs of our days, like Aesop’s cock, had rather have a barley-kernel wrapped up in a ballad than they will dig for the wealth of wit in any ground that they know not, I hope will also hold me excused, though I open the gate to his glory, & invite idle ears to the admiration of his melancholy. Quid petitur sacris nisi tantum fama poetis?Which although it be oftentimes imprisoned in ladies’ casks & the preceden t books of such as cannot see without another man’s spectacles, yet at length it breaks forth in spite of his keepers, and useth some private pen (instead of a picklock) to procure his violent enlargement. The sun for a time may mask his golden head in a cloud, yet in the end the thick veil doth vanish, and his embellished blandishment appears. Long hath Astrophel (England’s sun) withheld the beams of his spirit from the common view of our dark sense, and night hath hovered over the gardens of the nine sisters, while ignis fatuus and gross fatty flames (such as commonly arise out of dunghills) have took occasion, in the middest eclipse of his shining perfections, to wander abroad with a wisp of paper at their tails like hobgoblins, and lead men up and down in a circle of absurdity a whole week, and never know where they are.But now that cloud of sorrow is dissolved which fiery love exhaled from his dewy hair, and affection hath unburdened the labouring streams of her w omb in the low cistern of his grave; the night hath resigned her jetty throne unto Lucifer, and clear daylight possesseth the sky that was dimmed; wherefore break off your dance, you fairies and elves, and from the fields with the torn carcasses of your timbrels, for your kingdom is expired. Put out your rush candles, you poets and rimers, and bequeath your crazed quartorzains to the chandlers, for lo, here he cometh that hath broken your legs. Apollo hath resigned his ivory harp unto Astrophel, & he, like Mercury, must lull you 2 ________________________________________________________________________ PREFACE TO SIDNEY’S ASTROPHEL AND STELLA asleep with his music. Sleep Argus, sleep ignorance, sleep impudence, for Mercury hath Io, & only Io Paean belongeth to Astrophel.Dear Astrophel, that in the ashes of thy love livest again like the phoenix; O, might thy body (as thy name) live again likewise here amongst us, but the earth, the mother of mortality, hath snatched thee too soon into her chilled cold arms, and will not let thee by any means be drawn from her deadly embrace, and thy divine soul, carried on an angel’s wings to heaven, is installed in Hermes’ place, sole prolocutor to the gods. Therefore mayest though never return from the Elysian fields like Orpheus; therefore must we ever mourn for our Orpheus. Fain would a second spring of passion here spend itself on his sweet remembrance, but religion, that rebuketh profane lamentation, drinks in the rivers of those despairful tears which langorous ruth hath outwelled, & bids me look back to the house of honour where, from one & the selfsame root of renown, I shall find many goodly branches derived, & such as, with the spreading increase of their virtues, may somewhat overshadow the grief of his loss. Amongst the which, fair sister of Phoebus eloquent secretary to the Muses, most rare Countess of Pembroke, thou art not to be omitted, whom arts do adore as a second Minerva, and our poets extol as the patroness of their invention, for in thee the Lesbian Sappho with her lyric harp is disgraced, & the laurel garland which thy brother so bravely advanced on his lance is still kept green in the temple of Pallas. Thou only sacrificest thy soul to contemplation, thou only entertainest empty-handed Homer, & keepest the springs of Castalia from being dried up. Learning, wisdom, beauty, and all other ornaments of nobility whatsoever, seek to approve themselves in thy sight, and get a further seal of felicity from the smiles of thy favour: O Ioue digna viro ni Ioue nata fores.I fear I shall be counted a mercenary flatterer for mixing my thoughts with such figurative admiration, but general report, that surpasseth my praise, condemneth my rhetoric of dullness for so cold a commendation. Indeed, to say the truth, my style is somewhat heavy-gaited, and cannot dance trip and go so lively with Oh, my love, ah, my love, all my love’s gone as other shepherds that have been f ools in the morris time out of mind, nor hath my prose any skill to imitate the Almain leap verse, or sit taboring five years together nothing but to be, to be, on a paper drum. Only I can keep pace with Gravesend barge, and care not if I have water enough to land my ship of fools with the term (the tide, I should say).Now every man is not of that mind, for some, to go the lighter away, will take in their fraught of spangled feathers, golden pebbles, straw, reeds, bulrushes, or anything, and then they bear out their sails as proudly as if they were ballasted with bull-beef. Others are so hardly bested for loading that they are fallen to retail the cinders of Troy and the shivers of broken truncheons to fill up their boat, that else should go empty, and if they have but a pound-weight of good merchandise, it shall be placed at the poop, or plucked in a thousand pieces to credit their carriage. For my part, every man as he likes, Mens cuiusque is est quisque. ‘Tis as good to go in cutfingered pumps as cork-shoes, if one wear Cornish diamonds on his toes.To explain it by a more familiar example, an ass is no great state man in the beasts’ commonwealth, though he wear his ears upsevant muff, after the Muscovy fashion, & hang the lip like a cap-case half open, or look as demurely as a sixpenny brown loaf, for he hath some 3 ________________________________________________________________________ PREFACE TO SIDNEY’S ASTROPHEL AND STELLA imperfections that do keep him from the common council, yet of many he is deemed a very virtuous member, and one of the honestest sort of men that are, so that our opinion (as Sextus Empiricus affirmeth) gives the name of good or ill to everything. Out of whose works (lately translated into English for the benefit of unlearned writers) a man might collect a whole book of this argument, which no doubt would prove a worthy commonwealth matter, and far better than wit’s wax kernel: Much good worship have the a uthor.Such is this golden age wherein we live, and so replenished with golden asses of all sorts that, if learning had lost itself in a grove of genealogies, we need do no more but set an old goose over half a dozen pottle-pots (which are, as it were, the eggs of invention), and we shall have such a breed of books within a little while after as will fill all the world with the wild-fowl of good wits; I can tell you this is a harder thing than making gold of quicksilver, and will trouble you more than the moral of Aesop’s glow-worm hath troubled our English apes, who, striving to warm themselves with the flame of the philosophers’ stone, have spent all their wealth in buying bellows to blow this false fire. Gentlemen, I fear I have too much presumed on your idle leisure, and been too bold, to stand talking all this while in another man’s door, but now I will leave you to survey the pleasures of Paphos, and offer your smiles on the altars of Venus. Yours in all de sire to please, Tho: Nashe.

Lion Capital and Blackstone Essay

Question 1: Why would Lion do a deal with Blackstone? Why would Blackstone do one  with Lion? What does each risk? What can each gain? Lion and Blackstone are joining together to leverage industry expertise and financing power. Lion has a strong understanding of consumer-focused brands and using proprietary deals to turn an existing medium-sized player into a larger busines by using it as a platform for acquisitions. Examples of such deals include Weetabix and Jimmy Choo. Blackstone has the power to bring very large financing into a deal, capable of investing up to $1 billion in a company, while also having an international presence, bringing synergies across borders. However, this partnership also brings in a lagging pace in closing deals and public visibility and scrutiny. Lion typically moves quickly on deals, and already has decided ahead of Blackstone on timing and price. Blackstone, however, still needs to conduct due diligence and have the deal reviewed by the investment committee.  Moreover, Lion’s partnership with Blackstone brings it into the Financial Times’ front page and pressures it further to perform. Question 2: Is Orangina a good deal? It seems that Lion and Blackstone are paying a pretty full price; what angle might the Blackstone-Lion consortium have found to justify it? Yes, Orangina is a good deal, for its brand power, its resilience, its financing-friendly nature, and its operating and distribution network in France and Spain. Orangina has iconic brands that are well known in France and Spain, and it commands a strong presence in its niche without intruding on the soft drink space of brands such as Coca Cola. It can be levered easily, as it is in a defensive sector, has strong cash flows, and with tangible assets that can be claimed. Despite being undermanaged, it continued to perform well in bad times, indicating that it has a working operating infrastructure and does not depend on a personality to guide the business. Moreover, the team has a good understanding and fit with the company. Javier Ferrà ¡n of Lion, a Spanish national who speaks French, is well suited to understand a company with operations concentrated in Spain and France, and is also ideal for his past experience in the soft drinks sector. Question 3: Based on the information provided in the case, how would you value Orangina? We will NOT value the company based on any discount cash flow model, including LBO valuation or APV model, as we are dealing with a private company, whose beta and future capital structure are unfeasible to estimate.  Private companies have no estimable beta, since they are not publicly traded and are illiquid – their value does not move in any direction with respect to the market. There are also no strong barriers to entry in a soft drink market, so terminal growth also can’t be easily estimated. However, we can first attempt a simple Venture Capital valuation model to get a quick ballpark for our valuation. We find that a reasonable equity valuation for a private equity buyer lies between $900 million and $1.9 billion. This implies an equity valuation between 760 million euros and 1.6 billion euros. With plans to place 900 million euros of debt, Orangina can be priced at 1.7 billion euros to 2.5 billion euros. We can assume that the 1.85 billion euro valuation of Blackstone and Lion is quite reasonable. Question 4: What is the best deal approach? The team needs to make a bid that will make them one of the trusted and approved buyer candidates immediately, even with the risk of overpaying. They need to become one of the groups with access to the Orangina management team and their advisors, and begin asking the questions they need answered on the company – such as the implementation of a stable management team in a time of a high management turnover, the ability to grow in the food channel or obtain higher bidding power in the out of food channel, and a turnaround strategy for France. Given that Blackstone and Lion have a special edge that Lion’s team understands the sector, the business, and the geography well, they should be willing to pay up front in the early auctions, so that they can eliminate strategic buyers such as Pepsi, while also discouraging other financial buyers who don’t have the same level of understanding, edge, or angle on  this sector. Once the likelihood of a deal is strong enough, Blackstone and Lion can begin negotiating a definitive merger agreement with prices and terms that are a bit more suitable and fair for it. However, the current priority should be to get into the buy and cut others out as soon as possible.

Reflects on the Society in Gullivers Travels Essays

Reflects on the Society in Gullivers Travels Essays Reflects on the Society in Gullivers Travels Paper Reflects on the Society in Gullivers Travels Paper Reflects on the Society in Gullivers Travels Jonathan Swift wrote Gullivers Travels in 1762 with the intent of providing entertainment for people. Entertainment through satire was what Swift had in mind. In Gullivers Travels, Jonathan Swift traveled to four different foreign countries, each representing a corrupt part of England. Swift criticized the corruption of such parts and focused on the government, society, science, religion and man. Not only did Swift criticize the customs of each country, he mocked the naive man who was unable to figure out the double meaning of things. When reading Gullivers Travels, reflects upon plot, characters, settings, theme, point of view, conflicts, climax, resolution, symbolism and figurative language will be of great help to comprehend the ideas portrayed throughout the novel as well as how Swift developed the story. I. Settings of Gullivers Travels The setting plays an important role in all novels, but in Gulliver’s Travels, one must take into consideration that the four different parts of the book have separate settings. The first setting was more or less on an island called Lilliput where Gulliver cast ashore due to a ship wrecks on November 5, 1699. The setting of the second part in the novel happened to be upon his arrival at another island which Gulliver had wished to inspect for water. The third part of the book consisted of many different little scenes where Gulliver’s experience on an island called Laputa was pictured first. The fourth and also the last part of the book took place in the country of Houyhnhnms 1711. II. Discussion of Characters a) The Main Character Gulliver, main character in the novel, used to be a well educated sailor who was recommended to be a surgeon later. Traveling around the world and exploring new places, Gulliver had met many new cultures and civilizations. He wore clothes uncommon in 1700s and had long hair which sometimes restricted him from turning his head. Gulliver was a sophisticated character and this could be seen when he referred to past experiences during an adventure. However, by the end of Book II in Gullivers Travels, it was very clear that the character of Gulliver was not the same man who wrote the letter in the beginning of the story. In fact, he was not the same man he was in Book I. From the onset of Gullivers Travels, Swift created for us a seemingly competent character and narrator in Gulliver from whom we could learn how adventures have changed him and his perception of people. Gulliver is an entirely credible and probable person as well as the one being the instrument for Swifts satire. In his incredible circumstances, Gulliver proved himself resourceful and observant of his surroundings, thus he could change in accordance with the places he visited and the events he witnessed. As a traveler in Lilliput, he was careful in observations and complete in descriptions. Occupied as he was with the surface of things, we see Gullivers problem of not seeing with eyes wide open wane his judgment of character, making him become more and more narrow-minded as the story proceeded. On the whole, Gulliver is a very frustrating character to deal with for a number of reasons. For example, he is not steady. This unsteadiness as a narrator leads us to question the validity of what Gulliver told us, which means that we have to be on our guard against what he said. This Gulliver is not, by any means, a wholly allegorical character but as much an individual as the next person. In certain ways, Gulliver proved to be more resilient than the ordinary man was by managing to survive the disastrous shipwrecks and people so foreign they might as well be aliens. Still in other ways Gulliver is a naive person, bereft of decency and consideration. b) Other Minor Characters In Gullivers Travels, there were many minor characters more easily referred to in the names of their peoples. They were: the small Lilliputians, the giant Brobdingnags, the creatures at Lugnagg and Balnibarbi islands of Laputa and Blubdrubdrib, and finally the Yahoos and Houyhnhnms. III. Study of the Context ) Satires of English Politics In Gullivers first travel where he visited Lilliput, Gulliver was faced with the minute people called Lilliputians. Now while this was the premise for a fantasy story, Swift used the events within to make severe criticisms of England between reigns of Queen Anne and George ?. The people of Lilliput were about six inches tall and their size signified that their mot ives, acts, and humanity were the same dwarfish. The political parties of the British government were represented by the conservative High Heels who depicted the Tories and the progressive Low Heels, or Whigs. As their names, the distinguishing mark of the parties was the height of their heels. Within these two parties, Swift criticized the English political parties, and the Prince of Wales. Swift also mocked the religion war that was going on in England through the use of war between Lilliput and its nearest neighbor, Blefuscu. Swift also used terms High Heels and Low Heels to compare the meaningless battles of the Whigs and Tories, such as the height of heels. b) Filthy Characteristics of Man With Gullivers next travel, we find him in Brobdingnag. His voyage showed us the filthily mental and physical characteristics of man. Here, Gulliver was confronted with an adult nurse who repulsively revealed her breasts to Gulliver. This reminded him of how the Lilliputians found his skin full of craterlike pores and stumps of hair growing from them. The odor of the immense creatures was offending and it caused Gulliver to recall the fact that the Lilliputians were also offended of his body odor. In Laputa, Gulliver was confronted with the old age Struldbuggs which looked utterly hideous due to an old age and the deterioration of their bodies. The Yahoos from the land of Houyhnhnms were filthy, uncivilized creatures who used their own dung as a weapon. In these descriptions, Swift criticized both the moral and physical corruption of man. c) Society’s Unrealistic Ideas Gullivers third voyage to the floating island of Laputa was one of the most satirical of the whole book. In this voyage Swift criticized the Royal Society of England, saying it was composed of useless philosophers, inventors and scientists. The floating island signified that the inhabitants were composed of the same airy constitution as the environment. Projects done by such people were summed up by the Universal Artist who directed his followers to turn useful things into the exact opposite, resulting in useless achievements. Some of the experiments held were to create tangible air, wool-less sheep and horses with stone hooves. The flying island itself expressed not only the desertion on the common earth of reality but their conversion of the universe to a mechanism and of living to a mechanical process. IV. Analysis of Specific Scenes a) On the Lilliput Island On Lilliput Island, Gulliver seemed to be eminently fair-minded compared to the cunning, vindictive, petty Lilliputians. Literally a giant in their land, Gulliver never took unfair advantage of his size in his dealing with them. Though they were violent with him, he never retaliated. He was frequently injured, as the kings dwarf took out his frustrations on Gulliver. But the latter was an improvement from his job as a freak at village fairs. In this section, the royal palace was accidentally set on fire, containing the empress inside. Instead of making his way across town, to the ocean, and squashed the people of Lilliput as he went, Gulliver made use of his urine to save the palace. While this vulgar episode was a display of bravery, it infuriated the emperor, causing revenge to be vowed on Gulliver. Rather than be happy for that both the emperor and the palace were not in ruin, the littleness of the government and the people in general was displayed in this act. Another display of this was the fact that Gulliver had been used as the Emperors absolute weapon, but the emperor only used him to conquer his world of two islands, which had made the emperors ambition seemed extremely low. b) On the Land of Houyhnhnms In the fourth part of the novel, Gulliver traveled to the land of the Houyhnhnms and came across a pack of Yahoos and was instantly appalled by them. There he quoted, Upon the whole, I never beheld in all my travels so disagreeable and animal, or one against which I naturally conceived so strong an antipathy. † This statement was of best ironic, for Gulliver never saw the resemblances between the Yahoos and himself. Afterwards, he encountered the rational Houyhnhnms and he immediately realized the common characteristics he had in common with the Yahoos. The Yahoos were portrayed as savage animals with human characteristics, which was the biggest mockery of mankind in the whole book. The Yahoos were so greedy that they would fight over enough food to feed an entire army of fifty soldiers just to keep it to themselves. They would poison their own bodies by sucking a root, similar to alcohol, to reach a high. The female population of the Yahoos was also given characteristics of ladies of the royal stature. Their gestures of hiding behind bushes and trees as well as looking at the passing-by males gave the impression of a woman hiding her face behind a fan while looking flirtatiously over her shoulder. The smell associated with the female Yahoos was similar to the perfume ladies wear to attract men. By the time Gulliver returned to England, he became completely antisocial, disgusted by the sight of his own wife and children. Gullivers desire to become a Houyhnhnm gave the reader an impression that he was a pathetic man who strived to become someone he could never be. ) Interpretation of the Theme Many critics who criticized Gullivers Travels had used the word â€Å"extraneous† more than once. Swift was viewed as an insane person who was a failure in life. But this was far from the truth, for the theme of this story is how human nature and reason reflect society. Written from real experience, Gullivers Travels is assigned to students for years. It’s Swifts experience of the Tories and their conflicts with the Whigs caused him to write such work to mock religious beliefs, government or people with views differed from his own. Broadly, the book has three themes: satirical views of the state of European government, and of petty differences between religions; an inquiry into whether men are inherently corrupt or whether they become corrupted; a restatement of the ancients versus moderns controversy. Bibliography and Website * * Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels Penguin Books Ltd (UK), 2007 * Ronald Knowles, Gulliver’s Travels: the Politics of Satires Twayne Publishers, 1996 * Wikipedia-http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/main_page

Free Essays on Job In The Early Ages

People are becoming more mature and open-minded. Parents are being more considerate and they are letting their kids grow in every way. Also parents feel that it is time for their kids to start on their own at a certain age. Students should have jobs while they are still in school because they want to become independent and they want to be ready for what the future has prepared for them. An independent person is someone who doesn’t need to rely on someone else economically. For example, they don’t need the help from their parents or the government. It is hard to become an independent person. First, they need to have a well-paying job that covers all of their needs. Moreover, they need to learn how to save money or how to invest their money in a useful way. Lastly, they need to know that to become an independent person takes a lot of work, dedication, and preparation. Nowadays students are focusing more on what the future has prepared for them. It is good that they start preparing themselves economically, for when they start their career and start a new life, they’ll have something to start off with. Most of the students want to have a perfect life, but for that they need to start proving their capabilities and the way they manage themselves at school, so that they can be ready for the future. In conclusion, it is a very good idea that students start preparing themselves for the future while they are still in school. In this way, they can become more responsible and make themselves complete the task that they set for themselves to do. It is very enjoyable to see students enthusiastic about getting jobs and starting a new life doing what they like to do while they are in school.... Free Essays on Job In The Early Ages Free Essays on Job In The Early Ages People are becoming more mature and open-minded. Parents are being more considerate and they are letting their kids grow in every way. Also parents feel that it is time for their kids to start on their own at a certain age. Students should have jobs while they are still in school because they want to become independent and they want to be ready for what the future has prepared for them. An independent person is someone who doesn’t need to rely on someone else economically. For example, they don’t need the help from their parents or the government. It is hard to become an independent person. First, they need to have a well-paying job that covers all of their needs. Moreover, they need to learn how to save money or how to invest their money in a useful way. Lastly, they need to know that to become an independent person takes a lot of work, dedication, and preparation. Nowadays students are focusing more on what the future has prepared for them. It is good that they start preparing themselves economically, for when they start their career and start a new life, they’ll have something to start off with. Most of the students want to have a perfect life, but for that they need to start proving their capabilities and the way they manage themselves at school, so that they can be ready for the future. In conclusion, it is a very good idea that students start preparing themselves for the future while they are still in school. In this way, they can become more responsible and make themselves complete the task that they set for themselves to do. It is very enjoyable to see students enthusiastic about getting jobs and starting a new life doing what they like to do while they are in school....

Budweiser Essay Essays

Budweiser Essay Essays Budweiser Essay Paper Budweiser Essay Paper Budweiser Lager was first brewed in 1876 by E. Anheuser A ; Co. . St. Louis. Today. AnheuserBusch is the largest beer maker in the universe in footings of volume. and it competes across a diverse scope of markets. The company oversees more than 30 different beer trade names. including the domestic market leader Budweiser. a figure of other alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks. a group of subject Parkss. and a existent estate endeavor While retaining its brewing traditions. the company has adopted new technological traditions that improve its concern and selling effectivity. In 1997. president August Busch III vowed to do his company a leader in mining its customers’ purchasing forms. The cardinal to Anheuser-Busch’s real-time analysis of marketing effectivity is timely informations: acquiring information back from jobbers and retail merchants on what is selling where and when. â€Å"Wholesaler and store-level informations has become the lifeblood of our organisation. † said Joe Patti. Anheuser’s frailty president for retail planning and class direction. Therefore. Anheuser-Busch created BudNET to link to jobbers. retail merchants. and other AnheuserBusch concern spouses. The system handles gross revenues describing. client development. retail publicity notices. and hebdomadal gross revenues calculating. every bit good as a broad array of logistics-related maps. BudNET is the information channel for an Anheuser-Busch system called WEARS ( Wholesaler Equity Agreement Reporting System ) . Through BudNET. the bringing people of the 700 U. S. distributers of Budweiser can go the eyes and ears of the beer maker. WEARS and BudNET do much more than merely maintain check on the flow if icy-cold Bud off retailers’ refrigerated shelves. Using portable dealing computing machines. the bringing people besides log informations on computer science merchandises. placing what else is on the retailers’ shelves. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours. Anheuser-Busch gets the information and looks for tendencies. â€Å"If Anheuser-Busch loses shelf infinite in a shop in ClarksVille. Tennessee. they know it right off. † said Joe Thompson. president of Independent Beverage Group. a research and consulting house. â€Å"They’re better at this game than anyone. even Coca-Cola. † Understanding consumers means more than merely garnering informations on your ain merchandise or on your competitor’s merchandise. Anheuser-Busch besides analyzes syndicated bar-code scan informations gathered by Information Resources Inc. ( IRI ) . to track consumer buying behavior across a full scope of merchandises. Anheuser-Busch successfully launched low-carb Michelob Ultra after seeing informations on consumer displacements in dietetic wonts in other nutrient groups. Seasonably. fine-grain informations besides help Anheuser-Busch’s selling and merchandise mixture. With store-level informations. the company can make targeted selling stuffs. For illustration. homosexual theoretical accounts appear on postings in San Francisco’s Castro territory. but non on those in the Mission territory. Better information besides assist foretell local gross revenues during vacations. such as cognizing that Atlantans celebrate Fourth of July more than St. Patrick’s Day . Anheuser-Busch know where tins sell better than bottles ( blue-collar vicinities ) . and helped the company launch a scope of Latin-inspired drinks such as Tequiza and Sauza Diablo for the turning Latino market. Anheuser-Busch uses a assortment of internal and external informations beginnings – including consumer demographics. POS. and market informations – to steer merchandise mixture determinations. AnheuserBusch uses the six-step. industry-standard best pattern called Efficient Item Assortment ( EIA ) that is published by the Food Marketing Institute. Software. co-developed with an outside package seller. creates a top-tine maestro mixture merchandise list for single shops and shop bunchs. This tool won a Technology Leadership Award from Consumer Goods Technology ( CGT ) magazine. Anheuser-Busch’s usage of IT is international. Budexchange. co. United Kingdom. hosted on BudNET. paths cardinal informations and gross revenues of 5. 000 British mercantile establishments. The system rewards the trueness of trade clients with Budweiser-branded support stuffs. Anheuser-Busch uses the informations provided by the mercantile establishments in its proactive segmented selling communications plan. In a market in which overall gross revenues are down 5. 7 per centum. Budweiser gross revenues are up 7 per centum. Anheuser-Busch continues to spread out its usage of datalinks. utilizing its market clout to better informations assemblage and informations sharing. August Busch IV. president tor domestic operations. promised that â€Å"brewers and jobbers with a clear. data-driven focal point will hold a distinguishable competitory advantage. † Market portion informations confirm the success of the company’s scheme – Anheuser-Busch now commands 50. 1 per centum at the market in 2003. up from 48. 9 per centum in 2002.

Gullivers Travels Essays - Gullivers Travels, Houyhnhnm, Gulliver

Gullivers Travels Essays - Gullivers Travels, Houyhnhnm, Gulliver Gullivers Travels At first Gullivers travels comes off as a fantasy/adventure, but in actuality its a satirical commentary on society in Johnathan Swift. It starts off with Gulliver talking about himself. Later he gets shipwrecked and ends up in Lilliput, where the people are 6 inches tall. At first they think Gulliver is an enemy, but then realize he is no threat. He is taken to the palace and housed in a cursed temple. Gulliver is amazed at how silly the governments rules are, for example to gain entry to the court the candidates must petition to the emperor. After the emperor gets 5 or 6 petitions he sets up a competition in which the candidates must do the Dance on the Rope, whoever jumps the highest without falling gets the job. The Lilliputians employ Gulliver to help in their war against Blefuscudians, but he refuses and that is the beginning of his downfall. He then gets transported to Brobdingnag, where the people are 60 ft. tall. At first they think Gulliver is an animal of some sort, but when they realize he can communicate they house him with a farmer. This place is very different than Lilliput, the king is appalled when Gulliver tells him about England, and asks why the people are so vicious and mean. However Gulliver feels like a freak there, and one day while he was out with the king and queen, an eagle swoops down and carries him off to drop him in the sea. Some sailors then rescue him. But yet again there is a shipwreck, and he finds himself in a world inhabited by Houyhnhnms, a creature that looks like a horse, yet has an amazing intellect. The Houyhnhnms are amazed that Gulliver is intelligent and take him in. Later Gulliver realizes why they are amazed; the only humans in that land are savage and stupid. Swifts writing style reflects what he thinks of the characters or actions, without telling the reader outright. Also keep in mind that this is a social commentary, in a satirical view, of the times that Swift lived in. The Lilliputians are supposed to symbolize the Whigs, and Swift thinks of them as stupid and power-hungry. He demonstrates this when they search Gulliver for weapons. In Swifts time the Whigs searched the Tories for evidence of their connections with England. He also makes fun of the thinking at the time; the Lilliputians were discriminated against whether they wore either high heels or low heels, and the ones that tried to remain neutral worse one high heel and one low heel. At the end of the book Swift demonstrates his thought on humans, when all the humans were savage and stupid, while the animals were brilliant. I believe that Swift demonstrates all his points very well. The reader is transported to the story, yet unlike most books, Swift doesnt tell the reader exactly what to think, he insinuates it but lets the reader come to his own conclusions.

Creative Easter Words List for Classroom Activities

Creative Easter Words List for Classroom Activities Easter  is a time of renewal. It falls each year in the early spring  when flowers are blooming, plants are sprouting, and hatchlings are starting to break out of their shells and enter the world. Indeed, the season of Easter- the season of spring, really- is an annual time of beginning when much of the country is waking up and thawing out from a cold and bleak winter into a renewed world filled with signs of rebirth and splashes of color. Use the season as a  thematic teaching  tool. Kids, seeing the changes in the season, will be naturally curious and interested in what is  happening around them. Harness that  curiosity with this comprehensive Easter word list to create many  seasonal  activities  such as  worksheets, writing prompts, word walls, and word searches. The words below are sectioned according to Easter- and spring-related concepts. Each section begins with an explanation  followed by a list of appropriate words. April   Explain to students that  Easter falls in late March through much of April  depending on the year. So April is a great month to introduce students to words such as: TulipsPastelPaintingShowers You can explain that a 16th century  English writer and poet named  Thomas Tusser penned the phrase,  Sweet April showers do bring May flowers, and that many writers- even the great  William Shakespeare- were enamored of the month and wrote many poems and stories about this season of bloom. If you have younger students, explain that this month is the time when  tulips  bloom, offering a great time for painting when the world sparkles with pastel colors.​ Easter Easter, of course, is the highlight of the season for young children. Its a time for putting on bonnets, decorating and dying Easter eggs, grabbing a basket and scurrying to find the hidden eggs. Children may be most interested in coloring eggs and finding candy, but dont forget to mention that theres even an annual  Easter parade and bonnet festival  in New York. This gives you a chance to cover geography, the planning, and pageantry involved in staging a parade, and even possible art projects, like  making bonnets. BasketBunnyBonnetChickChocolateCandyDecorateDyeEggsFunFindGrassHideHopHuntJellybeansMarshmallowParadePeepsTreatsLily Spring Spring, the season in which Easter and April fall, provides plenty of opportunities for learning and art activities. You can have students study the lifecycle of a butterfly, how vegetables such as carrots and flowers like daffodils grow. You can even throw in some science lessons such as how birds build nests and how hatchlings emerge from their shells. Or, take a field trip to a local pond and observe ducks and flowers residing there. ButterflyCarrotsColorfulDaffodilsDuckFlowersJoyLambPlantsNestHatch Sunday Though you cant teach religion in public schools, you can certainly mention that  Easter is a religious Christian holiday  where families dress up in nice, new clothes and attend church on Easter Sunday. This also gives you a chance to cover the  days of the week  and social norms, such as, Why do people dress up to go to church on Easter (as well as for other special occasions)? Use the season to teach cultural lessons, too, such as  Holy Week and Easter in Mexico. Easter- and the season that it falls in- provides an endless opportunity to teach writing, spelling, history, science, art, and more.

Your Awesome Team Is Using CoSchedule! Now What

Your Awesome Team Is Using ! Now What Congrats on your phenomenal decision to use ! Now its time to rock this amazing platform as a team and get the best results of your career. To do this, youre going to need to do a few key things. In this post, Ill walk you through exactly what to do.  Youll learn: How to get your team to consistently use the tool 😀 How to develop a built-in mechanism for sustained results. Exactly why (and how) to keep your team hungry to win. Now, lets set your team up to win. Helping your  marketing team win feels amazing. Crushing goals is gratifying. empowers both. But sustaining wins and new habits on any team thats the tough part. Especially because marketing is really hard. Our job is to  make hyper growth happen  every day. So, to get a quick win (and leg up on your competition), take advantage of this Your Awesome Team Is Using ! Now What? by @jordan_loftis via @Take Advantage Of Your Extra-Special Bonus 🚀 Because youre the best, Ive got something extra special for you. If you wanna learn why over 8,000 marketing teams across the world choose to organize and execute their entire marketing strategy in one place Schedule a 30 minute marketing demo of right now. Youll see exactly how legendary teams like Convince Convert, Smart Passive Income, and Campaign Monitor get amazing results with .   (And short cuts on how your team can do the same. Today!) Now, pick a time for your 1-on-1 marketing demo and lets get to it. The Value Of Mission Control Youve heard of mission control for NASA, right? Thats the room full of geniuses who keep launching rockets from crashing into orbiting satellites (among a million other things). Imagine a space program without an organized mission control! How impossible would it be to keep all of the moving parts in coordination without a single source of truth? Well, thats exactly what is for your team: is the mission control center for your entire marketing program. Your single source of truth that keeps all the moving parts working in perfect sync. All while making the chaos of inevitable fire drills manageable. So the first step is helping your team understand what   really is. Its waaaay more than a place to schedule social media messages (though its amazing at that). Its a platform to organize, launch, and coordinate: âÅ"…Marketing campaigns âÅ"…Project workflows âÅ"…Email marketing âÅ"…Social analytics âÅ"…Social media scheduling âÅ"…Intelligent social media automation all from a visual marketing calendar that gives you an eagle-eye view of everything in one place. Help your team understand the power (and nature) of . Then, its time to make it sticky. How To Facebook-ify For Your Team To keep your team hyper-engaged users, take a page out of Facebooks playbook. Facebook is one of the most successful software companies on the planet. Sure, theyve had their rough spots lately. But their success in one key metric predicts a favorable outcome What matters is the all-important software stat: Daily Active Users  (DAU). DAU measures the stickiness of an application. And if Facebook was a candy, it would be bubble gum. Facebook boasts 1.47 billion DAU Or about 74% of its global user base. Source: Statista The good news for us is that their stickiness tactics arent a big secret theyre rooted in psychology that we can use, too. Develop Smart Marketing Habits As A Team Theres a famous quote credited to the ancient philosopher Aristotle: â€Å"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.† These words are super portable for anyone who cares about sustaining change in organizations Keeping your team engaged with is no exception! Remember, your teams success is your success. And thats where positive, team-based habits come in. How Habits Work (And Why It Matters) According to a study in the British Journal of General Practice, healthcare points to this as well. Furthermore, even when patients successfully initiate the recommended changes, the gains are often transient because few of the traditional behaviour change strategies have built-in mechanisms for maintenance. Unless positive changes become engrained habits, hitting goals will become an exception, not a rule. And thats no good 😠¢ The study defines habits this way: Habits are actions that are triggered automatically in response to contextual cues that have been associated with their performance. What you can do is help make daily usage of into a habit by reinforcing habit loops. For a marketer using , this habit loop might look like this Step One: The Contextual Cue Lets say your team is planning a new campaign. And you need to get all of this stuff organized 📠Ã‚  creative brief, 📄  landing page, âÅ"‰ï ¸ Ã‚  email content, âÅ" Ã¯ ¸ Ã‚  blogs, 🙋†Ã¢â„¢â‚¬Ã¯ ¸  social media posts, 🎉  good ole press release, ðŸÅ' Ã‚  graphic design assets, 🎠¯Ã‚  target KPIs, 📈  analytics reporting, 😠«Ã‚  and more Thats a lot of stuff for anyone to wrangle. (And the list is probably missing plenty of other things you do, too.) Step Two: The Engrained Action Now, be honest about how your team works. Whats everyones go-to action given the contextual cue of planning and launching a fresh campaign? For tons of marketers, its firing up yet *another*  spreadsheet! Everything gets a tab. Everyone gets access (most of the time). And faster than you thought possible, chaos reigns. ^^^If those images look familiar, it means youre in good company. Theyre actual screenshots of how customers used to manage their marketing! We call this mess  makeshift marketing. Simply put, makeshift marketing happens when disconnected tools and apps are mashed into one martech stack that doesnt play nice together. For many, this is one of the most difficult series of habits to reform. Happily, theres good news Step two is complete when your new automated action, or habit, is executed. Then, immediately, one more magic thing happens. Step Three: The Glorious Reward In Charles Duhiggs modern classic,  The Power of Habit, the author outlines a third piece to the habit puzzle: the wondrous reward! The reward is what reinforces the habit loop. With every revolution, the habit gets more powerful. More automatic. More engrained. This means it requires less effort over time. In our example, the spreadsheet the spreadsheet or disconnected systems that once gave a sense of control, organization, and peace of mind fade away. And managing everything in as your mission control becomes steps A to Z. Heads Up, Leaders Your Habits Become Your Teams Habits The linchpin to keeping your team engaged in is modeling the right habits so you get amazing results every time. Imagine what it would mean if your team smashed marketing goals with the same frequency as brushing your teeth? That, class, is habit 101 🠤“ Now, lets look at exactly how move from marketing mess To marketing mastery with . Research at UCL Epidemiology and Public Health found it takes an average of 21 – 66 days to solidify a habit. To help your team, use this simple approach. Start with your teams goal, then reverse engineer actions to accomplish it. Establish consistent accountability. Build out *at least* a 21-day habit roadmap for everyone on your team to follow. Work Backwards From Your Teams Goal Start by pulling a Stephen Covey Begin with the end in mind. Then  reverse engineer the consistent actions your team needs to take to get there. For example, lets imagine your team needs to grow social media engagement by 40% across all channels. To start, pull your Social Engagement Report in . This will give you an instant snapshot of where you stand overall  and each channel individually. From here you can reverse engineer your fresh strategy and tactics to skyrocket that engagement. More importantly, you can see what your team must be doing  every week to grow those numbers. Intense, short-term efforts will give those KPIs a lift right away But its turning your highest-value actions into habits that help you win over the long haul. For example, what if you learn that social images get double the engagement of every other message type? The new habit should be that everything your team does has 3 – 5 images to promote it. Or perhaps  your team rocks video  and your audience eats it up. Your new behavior may become a Facebook live video with every new post. Heres an example anatomy: Contextual cue: You publish fresh content. Action: A Facebook live video giving quick value from the content plus a juicy call to action. Reward: More social media engagement + referral traffic + happy bosses ðŸ˜Æ' Build Accountability Into Your Teams Weekly Cadence To do what Ive been describing means using the A word accountability. Accountability gets a bad rap because we often associate it with the threat of punishment. But what if there is a better way? Turns out, there is! Accountability gets a bad rap because we often associate it with the threat of punishment.If youre accountable for your actions, youre definitely responsible for their outcomes. But a  multi-year study involving over 40,000 participants found: Accountability is incorrectly perceived as strictly consequential and almost entirely after-the-fact- 80% of those surveyed say feedback is something that happens to them only when things go wrong or not at all. Not very helpful. In reality, accountability can be more positive than negative. It starts with ditching the word and leveraging its  essence. Accountability is about: clarity, alignment of actions with goals, and enablement of the right behaviors. Superpower Organization With Clarity Now lets tackle another troublesome stat from the accountability study: 85% of survey participants indicated they werent even sure what their organizations are trying to achieve The quickest path to growth is being ultra clear with what results your team is after. Is there one overarching goal you absolutely must achieve? Then talk about non-stop. Is that big goal supported by smaller, short-term goals? Then keep those short-term goals in perspective and help your team see how they accomplish your overall mission And how helps you get there. One of the best ways to do this is through twice-per-week numbers check in. Automate Clarity With Strategic Reporting Via If we keep with our social engagement example, heres what it might look like. In , you can easily automate key reports. In this case, the social engagement report makes sense. To get there, hop on over to your analytics tab, then choose  Social Engagement Report. Next, click on  the  Schedule Report button. Then add any team members or stakeholders who should see it. Your progress will be automatically reported to everyone who needs to keep up with it all without you having to pull numbers yourself 🠤“ Keep your team focused on the goal even amidst the hustle and fast pace of your marketing program. Align Your Actions And Goals With Enter the supercharging power of habits. By performing the right actions every day, your team will move the needle in the right direction. As you keep the mission in front of your team, help them understand the best course to take them there. The perfect places to do this is in your team meetings. You can start  by having everyone answer this simple question: If you could only do one thing every day to achieve [team goal], what would it be? Every person answers Then explains why that action is so powerful. Use To Enable The Most Effective Behaviors And now, enable those powerful behaviors by answering a third question: What roadblocks exist between you and consistently [taking desired action]? As a team leader, you should be an obstacle bulldozer. Its tough enough to form new habits individually, much less for a team. So clear the debris and get the dirt piles out of the way! Clear the clutter then keep doing it. Step Three: Create A 21-Day Habits Roadmap For Your Team Now lets bring this one in for a landing. The best way forward is for you to get clear on what the next 21 working days with should look like for every person on your team. According to our BFF science, it takes anywhere from 18 to 254 days to establish a new habit. Thats a pretty big gap So, I suggest a quicker win: outline a 21-day habit roadmap for every person on your team. In one of my fave startup books,  Lean Analytics,  authors Alistair Croll and Benjamin Yoskovitz  explain the right thought process for setting goal metrics, saying: [I]f you want to change behavior, your metric must be tied to the behavioral change you want. So focus the roadmap on the most important behavior youd like to instill into each team member. Simply show your team youre just as committed as they should be. Create a Projects Checklist.Assign it to the right person and set its completion date 21 days from now. Then, assign the right actions. A clever way to start is by having each team member outline their own habit loop. How will they engrain this new high-value activity? What works for their personality? How can they own the process themselves? Have them define a cue, routine, and reward. Then, they should run through the habit loop  every single day for the next 21 working days. This might look like: A 21-day video promotion campaign, Log into every day to mark tasks completed ☑ï ¸ , And even write a fresh social post every single day. Whatever the actions are, make sure you empower your team to make time each day. Habits are built in three simple steps: 1. Cue. 2. Routine. 3. Reward.Whats Next For Making A Habit? To change results, you had to change behaviors. To keep your results, you must sustain behaviors.